1-888-891-4385
1-888-891-4385
Drug Rehab and Treatment Centers
Drug Rehab Resources
About Us
Get Help Now
1-888-891-4385

Studies from University of Texas yield new information about addiction medicine.




According to a study from the United States, "Previous studies found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) derived from nucleus accumbens (NAc) neurons can mediate persistent behavioral changes that contribute to Cocaine addiction. To further investigate BDNF signaling in the mesolimbic dopamine system, we analyzed tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein changes in the NAc and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in rats following 3 weeks of Cocaine self-administration."



"To study the role of BDNF-TrkB activity in the VTA and NAc in Cocaine reward, we used localized viral-mediated Cre recombinase expression in floxed BDNF and floxed TrkB mice to knockdown BDNF or TrkB in the VTA and NAc in Cocaine place conditioning tests and TrkB in the NAc in Cocaine self-administration tests. We found that 3 weeks of active Cocaine self-administration significantly increased TrkB protein levels in the NAc shell, while yoked (passive) Cocaine exposure produced a similar increase in the VTA. Localized BDNF knockdown in either region reduced Cocaine reward in place conditioning, whereas only TrkB knockdown in the NAc reduced Cocaine reward. In mice self-administering Cocaine, TrkB knockdown in the NAc produced a downward shift in the Cocaine self-administration dose-response curve but had no effect on the acquisition of Cocaine or sucrose self-administration. Together, these data suggest that BDNF synthesized in either VTA or NAc neurons is important for maintaining sensitivity to Cocaine reward but only BDNF activation of TrkB receptors in the NAc mediates this effect," wrote D.L. Graham and colleagues, University of Texas (see also Addiction Medicine).



The researchers concluded: "In addition, up-regulation of NAc TrkB with chronic Cocaine use could promote the transition to more addicted biological states."



Graham and colleagues published the results of their research in Biological Psychiatry (Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B in the Mesolimbic Dopamine System: Region-Specific Effects on Cocaine Reward. Biological Psychiatry, 2009;65(8):696-701).



For additional information, contact D.W. Self, University of Texas SW Med Center Dallas, Dept. of Psychiatry, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.





Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

Cities in Texas :
Houston
Dallas
San Antonio
Austin
El Paso
Fort Worth
Arlington
Corpus Christi
Plano
Garland
Lubbock
Irving
Laredo
Amarillo
Pasadena
Brownsville
Grand Prairie
Mesquite
Abilene
Beaumont
Waco
Carrollton
McAllen
Wichita Falls
Midland
Richardson
Odessa
San Angelo
Killeen
Tyler
Denton
Lewisville
Longview
College Station
Baytown
Bryan
Sugar Land
Round Rock
Victoria
Port Arthur
Harlingen
Galveston
The Woodlands
North Richland Hills
Temple
McKinney
Missouri City
Flower Mound
Edinburg
Bedford
Pharr
Euless
League City
Mission
Rowlett
Allen
Grapevine
Texas City
Haltom City
DeSoto
Pearland
Conroe
New Braunfels
Spring
Hurst
Duncanville
Coppell
Atascocita
Sherman
Huntsville
Texarkana
San Marcos
Del Rio
Frisco
Fort Hood
Lufkin
Cedar Hill
La Porte
Mission Bend
Nacogdoches
Channelview
Copperas Cove
Friendswood
Deer Park
Georgetown
Mansfield
Farmers Branch
Keller
Socorro
Weslaco
The Colony
Lake Jackson
San Juan
Cedar Park
Cleburne
Paris
Lancaster
Kingsville
Big Spring
Corsicana
Rosenberg
Greenville
Marshall
Cloverleaf
San Benito
University Park
Denison
Eagle Pass
Plainview
Seguin
Watauga
Southlake
Waxahachie
Alvin
Burleson
Kerrville
Benbrook
Colleyville
Balch Springs
Alice
Weatherford
Brownwood
Schertz
Bay City
Orange
Angleton
Rockwall
Pampa
West Odessa
Palestine
Nederland
Harker Heights
Dickinson
Mineral Wells
Canyon Lake
Pflugerville
Ennis
South Houston
Jollyville
Groves
Stafford
Bellaire
Gatesville
Gainesville
Brushy Creek
Wylie
Uvalde
Stephenville
Universal City
White Settlement
Portland
Donna
Alamo
Belton
Hereford
Humble
Sulphur Springs
Borger
West University Place
Addison
Aldine
Mount Pleasant
Jacksonville
New Territory
Dumas
La Marque
Mercedes
Terrell
Port Neches
Taylor
Pecan Grove
Brenham
Beeville
Forest Hill
Canyon
Levelland
Robstown
Freeport
Saginaw
Highland Village
Port Lavaca
Rio Grande City
Katy
Vernon
Lockhart
Converse
Vidor
Sweetwater
Corinth
Kilgore
Athens
Henderson
Wells Branch
Cinco Ranch
Hewitt
Richmond
San Elizario
El Campo
Burkburnett
Seagoville
Snyder
Galena Park
La Homa
Clute
Jacinto City
Bonham
Lamesa
Sachse
Raymondville
Andrews
Roma
Azle
Santa Fe
Pecos
Brownfield
Seabrook
Ingleside
Eidson Road
Leon Valley
Wharton
Bellmead
Live Oak
Tomball
Webster
Rendon
Anderson Mill
Fredericksburg
Highland Park
Woodway
Lumberton
Graham
Kirby
Bridge City
Pleasanton
Fort Bliss
Jasper
Hillsboro
Aransas Pass
Richland Hills
Fabens
Liberty
Lakeway
Hondo
Fort Stockton
Robinson
Perryton
Commerce
Cleveland
Leander
Midlothian
Crowley
Rockport
Hidalgo
Alamo Heights
Dalhart
Glenn Heights
Gonzales
Crystal City
Pearsall
Crockett
Lackland AFB
Highlands
River Oaks
Bacliff
Jersey Village
Windemere
Monahans
Homestead Meadows South
Navasota
Lampasas
Childress
Carthage
Greatwood
Marlin
West Livingston
Fresno
Eagle Mountain
Cuero
Mexia
Littlefield
Kaufman
Iowa Park
Silsbee
Hitchcock
Trophy Club
Palmview South
Boerne
Lake Dallas
La Feria
Slaton
Gladewater
Cameron Park
Seminole
Edna
Timberwood Park
Floresville
Breckenridge
Kennedale
Everman
Alpine
Lacy-Lakeview
Atlanta
Yoakum
Granbury
Kermit
Dayton
Elgin
Center
Sinton
Carrizo Springs
Cameron
White Oak
Forney
Rio Bravo
Elsa
Brady
Diboll
Abram-Perezville
Rockdale
Livingston
Briar
Whitehouse
Bastrop
Kyle
Falfurrias
Sealy
Horizon City
Bowie
Decatur
Palacios
Gun Barrel City
Shady Hollow
Wake Village
Canutillo
Coleman
Tulia
Giddings
Windcrest
Rusk
Luling
Nurillo
Alton North
Mathis
Terrell Hills
Keene
Marble Falls
Meadows Place
Mila Doce
Palmhurst
Port Isabel
Zapata
Progreso
New Boston
Gilmer
San Diego
Burnet
Camp Swift
Lost Creek
McGregor
Fair Oaks Ranch
Hempstead
Hearne
Lakehills
Lake Worth
Kingsland
Teague
Mineola
Sanger
Jacksboro
Muleshoe
Joshua
Los Fresnos
Lago Vista
Hebbronville
Comanche
La Grange
Lopezville
Cockrell Hill
Prairie View
Alton
Dimmitt
Hunters Creek Village
San Leon
Pittsburg
Bridgeport
Red Oak
Groesbeck
Helotes
Colorado City
Doffing
West Columbia
Ballinger
Homestead Meadows North
Castle Hills
Sansom Park
Nassau Bay
Presidio
Madisonville
Heath
Devine
West Orange
Palmview
Central Gardens
Sullivan City
Denver City
Willis
Midway North
Columbus
Smithville
Clarksville
Friona
Bolivar Peninsula
Cisco
Anthony
Westway
Wimberley
Bellville
Hudson
Eastland
Bulverde
Whitesboro
Dublin
Jourdanton
Post
Taylor Lake Village
Floydada
Dilley
Eagle Lake
Bunker Hill Village
Little Elm
Stamford
Sweeny
Cotulla
Spring Valley
Redwood
Winnsboro
El Cenizo
Pecan Plantation
Clifton
Pilot Point
Wills Point
Kenedy
Princeton
Salado
Karnes City
Brookshire
Caldwell
Ozona
Ovilla
Rosita North
Olney
Taft
Wilmer
Piney Point Village
Port Aransas
Clyde
Edcouch
Horseshoe Bay
Llano Grande
Llano
Bishop
Poteet
La Joya
Canton
Alvarado
Laureles
Scenic Oaks
Henrietta
Freer
Nocona
Crane
Electra
Grape Creek
Farmersville
West Lake Hills
Haskell
South Alamo
Murphy
Fairfield
El Lago
Manvel
Cibolo
Grand Saline
Quanah
Spearman
Balcones Heights
Richwood
Oak Ridge North
Morgan's Point Resort
Hollywood Park
Hamilton
Sparks
Hooks
Medina
Royse City
Four Corners
Lindale
West Sharyland
Refugio
Sonora
Winnie
Tahoka
Seymour
Lucas
Big Lake
Winters
Cienegas Terrace
Barrett
Willow Park
Abernathy
Santa Rosa
Roanoke
Hutchins
Scissors
Brazoria
Crandall
Premont
Hallsville
Mauriceville
Primera
Trinity
Schulenburg
Sunnyvale
West
Las Lomas
Castroville
San Carlos
Fairview
Merkel
San Saba
Junction
Needville
Panhandle
Early
Ranger
Rosita South
Bloomington
Eden
Anson
Stanton
Wolfforth
Combes
Edgecliff Village
Cactus
McQueeney
George West
Daingerfield
Van Alstyne
Odem
Wild Peach Village
Memphis
Howe
San Augustine
Oak Trail Shores
Newton
Olivarez
Reno
Van Horn
De Leon
South Padre Island
Woodville
Buda
Blue Mound
Lytle
Hudson Bend
Argyle
Van
Comfort
Doolittle
La Blanca
Overton
Hallettsville
Olmos Park
Seagraves
Hedwig Village
Kemah
Mont Belvieu
Pantego
Gregory
Wyldwood
Pecan Acres
Olton
Mount Vernon
Tool
Wellington
Pinehurst
Mart
Yorktown
Buna
Hale Center
Malakoff
Linden
Ralls
Morton
Hamlin
Fritch
Canadian
Laughlin AFB
Anahuac
Dalworthington Gardens
Nixon
Double Oak
La Casita-Garciasville
Ferris
Nash
Idalou
Mabank
Cooper
Nolanville
Mason
Jones Creek
Westworth Village
Glen Rose
Marfa
Onion Creek
Kountze
Beverly Hills
Encantada-Ranchito El Calaboz
Chandler
Prosper
Waller
Shallowater
Kirbyville
Hickory Creek
Shiner
Waskom
Huntington
Springtown
North Alamo
Fifth Street
Lockney
Granite Shoals
Indian Hills
Las Quintas Fronterizas
Quitman
Shamrock
Shepherd
Jefferson
Circle D-KC Estates
Italy
Stratford
Laguna Heights
Weimar
Krum
Goliad
Clarendon
Lyford
Uvalde Estates
Panorama Village
Brookside Village
Escobares
Eldorado
Sunray
Troup
Val Verde Park
Rio Hondo
Stinnett
Liberty City
Elm Creek
Seth Ward
Albany
Ganado
Sienna Plantation
Vinton
Justin
Lake Kiowa
Garden Ridge
Three Rivers
Brackettville
St. Hedwig
Bovina
Crosbyton
Sebastian
Celina
Hughes Springs
Poth
Archer City
Serenada
Leonard
Laredo Ranchettes
Whitney
Sheldon
Northcliff
McCamey
Buffalo
Goldthwaite
Combine
Inez
Rancho Alegre
Palmer
De Kalb
Shavano Park
Rancho Viejo
Oak Point
Honey Grove
Whitewright
Ingram
East Bernard
La Rosita
Aledo
Taft Southwest
Corrigan
Crosby
Fort Hancock
Midway South
Somerville
Lake Brownwood
North Escobares
Buchanan Dam
Benavides
Woodsboro
La Victoria
Kerens
Jonestown
Bartlett
Sour Lake
Las Palmas-Juarez
Potosi
Natalia
Garfield
Laguna Vista
Menard
Little River-Academy
Beach City
Bayou Vista
Hudson Oaks
Charlotte
La Puerta
Pinewood Estates
Holliday
Lone Star
Baird
Bangs
Queen City
Rotan
Danbury
Monte Alto
Tornillo
Barton Creek
Hubbard
Heidelberg
Sabinal
Pottsboro
Stowell
Wolfe City
Muenster
Fulton
Somerset
Dripping Springs
Southside Place
Munday
Cross Mountain
Sundown
Pelican Bay
Blanco
Itasca
Shenandoah
Aubrey
Paducah
Rosebud
The Hills
Meridian
La Pryor
Bruceville-Eddy
Porter Heights
Shoreacres
Franklin
Cesar Chavez
West Tawakoni
Shady Shores
Grapeland
Plains
Blossom
Garceno
Los Alvarez
Lorena
Evadale
Calvert
Van Vleck
Naples
Liberty Hill
Rollingwood
Moody
Stockdale
Bogata
Patton Village
Parker
Wheeler
Roscoe
Troy
Flatonia
Lorenzo
Quinlan
Old River-Winfree
Farwell
Grandview
Seadrift
Melissa
Edgewood
Bevil Oaks
Asherton
Hico
Hawkins
Milam
Booker
Claude
Woodbranch
La Villa
Granger
Palm Valley
Batesville
Meadowlakes
Big Sandy
Orange Grove
Rocksprings
Roman Forest
Thorndale
Splendora
Woodcreek
Boling-Iago
Petersburg
LaCoste
Hutto
China Grove
Iraan
Gorman
Collinsville
Gunter
Lowry Crossing
Anna
Knox City
Copper Canyon
Elkhart
La Grulla
Oak Leaf
Frankston
Clear Lake Shores
Manor
Anton
Hart
Olmito
Gardendale
Oyster Creek
Johnson City
Alto
Bells
Deweyville
Lexington
Tatum
Onalaska
Wallis
Robert Lee
Penitas
Gruver
Tye
Cut and Shoot
Bullard
Los Indios
Caddo Mills
Seven Points
Crowell
Markham
Haslet
Kemp
Valley Mills
Bertram
South Point
Rogers
China
Magnolia
Earth
Annetta
Groveton
Ore City
Hemphill
Muniz
Runaway Bay
Holland
Boyd
Marion
Holiday Lakes
Timpson
Bartonville
Trinidad
Spur
Wortham
Sterling City
Santa Anna
Runge
Ames
Bronte
Jamaica Beach
Cross Plains
White Deer
Florence
Fort Davis
Arcola
Tenaha
Lakeside
Sudan
Daisetta
Maud
Talty
Hill Country Village
Lasara
Emory
Aspermont
Tiki Island
Skidmore
O'Donnell
Ransom Canyon
Alvord
Harper
Kempner
Omaha
New Summerfield
Southmayd
New London
Lakeside City
Blue Berry Hill
Pineland
Clint
Louise
St. Jo
Riesel
San Manuel-Linn
Bandera
Martindale
New Waverly
Pleak
Waelder
Chico
Moulton
Tom Bean
Citrus City
Vega
Coahoma
La Vernia
Plum Grove
Los Villareales
Joaquin
Gholson
Northlake
North San Pedro
Wink
McLendon-Chisholm
Venus
Throckmorton
Krugerville
Centerville
Arp
Briarcliff
Villa Verde
Berryville
Siesta Shores
Santa Clara
Newark
Godley
New Fairview
Cottonwood Shores
Bremond
Hebron
Redwater
San Felipe
Sanderson
Lakeport
Jewett
Blessing
San Ignacio
Red Lick
Aurora
Dawson
Savoy
Miles
Pine Island
Coolidge
Santa Maria
Garrison
Mertzon
Rising Star
Blooming Grove
McLean
Falcon Lake Estates
Kress
Driscoll
Lake Tanglewood
Camp Wood
Celeste
Clarksville City
Iowa Colony
Reid Hope King
Rankin
Eustace
Rice
Chillicothe
Brownsboro
Point
Amherst
Selma
Mustang Ridge
Lometa
Petrolia
Point Comfort
Detroit
East Tawakoni
Silverton
Wells
Surfside Beach
Hardin
Walnut Springs
Arroyo Colorado Estates
Tioga
Beckville
Maypearl
Larga Vista
Matador
Knippa
Strawn
Valley View
Agua Dulce
Campbell
Log Cabin
Arroyo Gardens-La Tina Ranch
Del Sol-Loma Linda
Lott
Hillcrest
Lakeshore Gardens-Hidden Acres
Hilshire Village
Green Valley Farms
Normangee
Deport
Simonton
Fulshear
Tuscola
Oak Grove
Thrall
New Deal
Crawford
Big Wells
Sunrise Beach Village
Rule
Bailey's Prairie
Roxton
Spring Garden-Terra Verde
Bluetown-Iglesia Antigua
Coldspring
Milford
Payne Springs
Cumings
San Perlita
Fairchilds
Roby
Blue Ridge
Pecan Hill
Mountain City
San Pedro
Kenefick
Ladonia
Elmendorf
Trenton
New Hope
Ingleside on the Bay
Westover Hills
Meadow
Rio Vista
Bee Cave
Loraine
Kingsbury
Frost
Happy
Zavalla
Hawley
Hungerford
Moore
Colmesneil
Cushing
Weston
Pine Forest
Santa Cruz
Encinal
Morning Glory
Como
Geronimo
Cumby
Skellytown
Roma Creek
Pettus
Lovelady
Cross Roads
Ector
Fronton
Josephine
Murchison
Falls City
Weir
Beasley
Miami
Groom
Niederwald
Bardwell
Winona
East Mountain
Graford
South Toledo Bend
Newcastle
Talco
Alto Bonito
Snook
Nevada
North Pearsall
Lefors
Point Blank
Annetta South
Leary
New Chapel Hill
Rhome
Carrizo Hill
Lolita
Solis
Hackberry
St. Paul
Indian Lake
Damon
Sierra Blanca
Wilson
Bryson
Owl Ranch-Amargosa
Balmorhea
Lake City
Mount Enterprise
Thornton
Easton
Lone Oak
Ranchos Penitas West
Rose City
Hallsburg
Ropesville
Lincoln Park
Byers
Nome
Noonday
Jayton
Texline
La Presa
Ponder
Falcon Mesa
Tolar
Winfield
Kosse
Fate
Turkey
Briaroaks
Mirando City
Buffalo Springs
Alice Acres
Montgomery
Morgan
Morgan Farm Area
Rose Hill Acres
Smyer
Oakwood
Rancho Banquete
Stonewall
New Berlin
Annetta North
Kendleton
Whiteface
Avinger
Buffalo Gap
Avery
Paradise
Oglesby
Gustine
Hawk Cove
Stagecoach
Marathon
Wickett
Smiley
Havana
Gordon
Alfred-South La Paloma
Highland Haven
Garrett
Pattison
Appleby
Thorntonville
Hartley
Windthorst
Scotland
Howardwick
Christine
Sandy Hollow-Escondidas
Quitaque
Sandia
Marshall Creek
Alba
Imperial
Riverside
Higgins
Lipan
Golinda
Christoval
Edroy
Dodd City
Fruitvale
Grey Forest
Devers
Star Harbor
Port Mansfield
Dell City
Follett
Bruni
South Mountain
Vanderbilt
Pleasant Valley
Orchard
Barstow
Timbercreek Canyon
Mildred
Chireno
Sadler
Liverpool
Post Oak Bend City
Los Ebanos
Blanket
Oak Valley
Chula Vista-River Spur
Oak Ridge
Milano
Blum
Lindsay
Chula Vista-Orason
Evant
Hermleigh
Grandfalls
Westminster
Coyote Acres
Buckholts
Lavon
Leakey
Villa Pancho
Uhland
Bellevue
Bonney
San Leanna
Hedley
Rosser
Rochester
Gallatin
Knollwood
Bloomburg
Lake Bridgeport
Texhoma
Callisburg
Sunset Valley
Tierra Grande
Bear Creek
Blackwell
Iredell
Bayside
Burton
Enchanted Oaks
Nazareth
Bixby
Channing
La Paloma
Lawn
Millsap
Palisades
Richland Springs
K-Bar Ranch
West Pearsall
Faysville
Zuehl
Union Grove
Warren City
Lakewood Village
Dean
Eureka
Sunset
Retreat
Morgan's Point
Falcon Heights
Leroy
Cranfills Gap
Ranchitos Las Lomas
Angus
Dickens
Reklaw
Lozano
Bayview
La Paloma-Lost Creek
Cove
Nordheim
Edom
Goree
Yantis
Arroyo Alto
Paint Rock
New Home
Trent
San Patricio
Kennard
Burke
Poynor
Granjeno
Oilton
Mount Calm
Rancho Chico
Tehuacana
Industry
Salineno
Bigfoot
Gary City
Darrouzett
Nesbitt
Alma
Tynan
Lueders
Hilltop
Abbott
Huxley
Woodson
Grays Prairie
Westdale
Tuleta
Richland
Falman-County Acres
Midway
Doyle
Las Colonias
Annona
Covington
Malone
Cross Timber
Latexo
San Isidro
Pernitas Point
Study Butte-Terlingua
Las Lomitas
Chester
Roaring Springs
Benjamin
Goodlow
Scottsville
El Indio
North Cleveland
Fayetteville
Del Mar Heights
Anderson
Sanctuary
El Camino Angosto
Goldsmith
Laguna Seca
Tira
Megargel
Woodloch
Lago
Mingus
Ackerly
Windom
Goodrich
Quemado
Utopia
Caney City
Thompsons
Wixon Valley
Progreso Lakes
Hays
Moran
Oakhurst
Ross
Carmine
Forsan
Bynum
Carbon
El Refugio
Marquez
Browndell
Ratamosa
Cantu Addition
Ravenna
Loma Linda East
Pecan Gap
Bailey
Creedmoor
Penelope
Bishop Hills
Realitos
Barry
Westlake
Rangerville
Grand Acres
Streetman
Westbrook
Sanford
Wellman
Pawnee
La Ward
Prado Verde
Mobile City
Coffee City
Austwell
Navarro
Broaddus
Opdyke West
Jolly
Valentine
Moore Station
New Falcon
Edgewater-Paisano
Cottonwood
Leona
Encino
Weinert
Mullin
Douglassville
Lyford South
Morse
Estelline
La Feria North
Lake View
Tradewinds
Radar Base
Cool
Tierra Bonita
Emhouse
Adrian
Melvin
Lakeview
Uncertain
Todd Mission
Mertens
Cuney
Novice
Lopeno
Coyanosa
Aquilla
Lasana
Catarina
Springlake
Carl's Corner
Flowella
Ranchette Estates
O'Brien
Villa del Sol
Airport Road Addition
Redford
Botines
Pyote
Seven Oaks
Edmonson
Kirvin
Normanna
Miller's Cove
Dodson
Bausell and Ellis
Marietta
Round Mountain
Dorchester
Millican
Mobeetie
Powell
Relampago
Yznaga
Dayton Lakes
Toyah
Spade
Morales-Sanchez
Rocky Mound
Toco
Corral City
Putnam
Zapata Ranch
Los Angeles Subdivision
Petronila
Falcon Village
Santa Monica
Round Top
Box Canyon-Amistad
Spofford
Fowlerton
Girard
Butterfield
Concepcion
Neylandville
Elbert
Domino
Sun Valley
Mustang
South Fork Estates
Lipscomb
Reese Center
Impact
Samnorwood
Quintana
Cuevitas
Quail
Los Ybanez
Brundage
Tulsita
Willamar
Guerra
© Copyright 2005 All Rights Reserved. Content is protected under copyright laws, do not use content without written permission.